This list is by no means thorough, but it may be useful for others researching compensation disclosure policy & politics.
–J.H. Snider
National
Pension Inequity Between Junior & Senior Teachers, and Related Incentives
- Aldeman, Chad, and Leslie Kan. “Eating Their Young: How Cuts to State Pension Plans Fall on New Workers.” TeacherPensions.org (2015)
- Aldeman, Chad, and Richard Johnson. “Negative Returns.” TeacherPensions.org (2015).
- Brown, Kristine M., The Link between Pensions and Retirement Timing: Lessons from California Teachers, Journal of Public Economics, Volume 98, February 2013.
- Chu, Dale, Merit pay melts away, Flypaper, August 29, 2019. “As school systems wrestle with tough fiscal decisions, it’s vital to understand that one-size-fits-all pay is insensitive to questions of productivity.”
- Costrell, Robert M. “Cross-Subsidization of Teacher Pension Costs: The Case of California.” Presented at 42nd Annual Conference, Association for Education Finance and Policy. March 18, 2017, Washington, DC.
- Costrell, Robert M., and Michael Podgursky. “Peaks, cliffs, and valleys: The peculiar incentives in teacher retirement systems and their consequences for school staffing.” Education 4, no. 2 (2009): 175-211.
- Costrell, Robert M., and Michael Podgursky. “Golden Handcuffs.” Education Next 10, no. 1 (2010).
- Koedel, C., and M. Podgursky. 2016. “Teacher Pensions.” Handbook of the Economics of Education 5:281-303. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-63459-7.00006-3.
- Podgursky, Michael, and Mark Ehlert, Teacher Pensions and Retirement Behavior, Urban Institute, April 10, 2007.
- Schueler, Beth E., and Martin R. West. “Sticker Shock How Information Affects Citizen Support for Public School Funding.” Public opinion quarterly (2015): nfv047.
- The State of Retirement: Grading America’s Public Pension Plans, Urban Institute, RetirementPolicy.org. Accessed June 14, 2017.
This is an excellent brief video that explains the inequity: Teacher Pensions, Explained In Less Than 3 Minutes, TeacherPensions.org, January 12, 2016.
Pension Politics
- DiSalvo, Daniel. Government against itself: Public union power and its consequences. Oxford University Press, USA, 2015.
- How Strong are U.S. Teacher Unions? A State-By-State Comparison, Thomas B. Fordham Institute, October 2012. (Maryland described on pp. 181-186; it ranks 4th in union influence over compensation and work conditions more generally.)
Pension Liabilities
“Required Supplementary Information,” Comprehensive Annual Financial Report–State of Maryland, for the year ending June 30, 2018.
Hohman, James, and Carol Park, What Maryland can learn from Michigan’s successful public pension reform, Washington Post, April 12, 2019.
Moran, Danielle, Pension Fund Outlook Brightens in 41 States, Bloomberg, October 12, 2018.
Powers, Thurston, et al., UNACCOUNTABLE AND UNAFFORDABLE, Alec, March 2018.
Financial State of the States 2015, Truth in Accounting, September 19, 2016. Note that this information is all for aggregate data, not for disaggregate data, which is the focus of K12Transparency.info.
Does Your State Have A Pension Problem?, Wall Street Journal, October 5, 2015.
Compensation Disclosure Politics
Aratani, Lori, Head of Dulles, Reagan National agency among the highest-paid airport CEOs in U.S., Washington Post, September 8, 2019.
Andrzejewski, Adam, Why are the salaries of a quarter-million federal employees – paid with your tax dollars – a state secret?, Fox News, Feb. 21, 2018.
Maciag, Mike, Disclosing Public Employee Pay Troubles Some Officials; A new GOVERNING survey finds some public officials do not think their compensation should be public as governments work to make the information more available, Governing, April 18, 2012. See also Maciag, Mike, Public Employee Salary Disclosure Survey, Governing, April 18, 2012. “Nearly 30 percent of state and local government officials say their pay should not be considered part of the public record, while half would react negatively to names and salaries posted online.”
Thornburg, Steven P., et al., Accounting, Politics and Public Pensions in the US, Accountancy Business and the Public Interest 2017,
Private Vs. Public K12 Compensation
- Cracking the Books; How well do state education departments report public school spending? Cato Institute, 2013.
- Summary
- Why Care?
- Grading Criteria (Scores reflect the data provided on each state’s education department website as of December 31, 2012)
- Maryland
- Fessenden, Ford, Are State and Local Government Employees Paid Too Much? It’s not an easy question to answer for a number of reasons. Here’s a primer on the issue, New York Times, March 6, 2011.
- DiSalvo, Daniel. Government against itself: Public union power and its consequences. Oxford University Press, USA, 2015. Chapter 7 surveys the conflicting literature on this question.
- Meyer, Warren, The Teacher Salary Myth — Are Teachers Underpaid?, Forbes, Dec. 22, 2011.
Every Student Succeeds Act–New Expenditure Disclosure Rules
Burnette, Daarel, Gaping Holes in How States Track K-12 Spending, Education Week, July 15, 2019.
Burnette, Daarel, ESSA Forces Uncomfortable Conversations in Massachusetts Over School Spending, Education Week, June 24, 2019.
Analysis of newly-available Massachusetts school-level funding data shows little correlation between spending and student outcomes, Massachusetts Business Alliance for Education, June 20, 2019.
Roza, Marguerite, Training School Leaders to Spend Wisely, EducationNext, June 24, 2019.
Lloyd, Sterling, and Alex Harwin, What Researchers Wish They Knew About School Finance, Education Week, June 4, 2019.
Polling Data
Goucher College Poll Results: Marylanders recognize need for improvements in public schools but still
largely unaware of Kirwan Commission, Goucher College Poll, February 24, 2020. In Maryland: “85 percent agree that “the salaries of public school teachers are too low,” 10 percent disagree.”
Public Support Grows for Higher Teacher Pay and Expanded School Choice: Results from the 2019 Education Next Poll, Education Next, Winter 2020.
Gullible Experts Who Don’t Vet their K12 Compensation Data
Petrilli, Michael, You might be surprised which states prioritize higher teacher salaries, Thomas Fordham Institute, April 24, 2019.
Finn, Chester, Teacher strikes, teacher pay, and teacher status, Thomas Fordham Institute, May 2, 2018.
Chang, Alvin, Your state’s teachers are underpaid. Find out by how much, Vox, May 8, 2018.
Salary Data
State by State Salary Listings, National Education Association.
25-0000 Education, Training, and Library Occupations (Major Group), U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Teacher Salary and Benefits, Teach. Maryland data are here.
Mysak, Joe, To Get Into the 1%, You Need Adjusted Gross Income of $480,930, Bloomberg News, Feb. 22, 2018.
Salary Gaps Between Junior and Senior Teachers
Yuxuan, XIE, Interactive feature: Teacher pay by experience level in San Francisco Bay Area 2017-18, EdSource, June 25, 2018. Note: this data only includes the part of salary on the salary schedule. More than 50% of salary may include other types of salary such as teaching summer or evening school, coaching an after school activity, or serving as a department chair.
Richards, Erin, and Matt Wynn,‘Can’t pay their bills with love’: In many teaching jobs, teachers’ salaries can’t cover rent, USA Today, June 5, 2019.
Teacher Turnover Data
Putman, Hannah, Who are today’s teachers?, National Center for Teacher Statistics, February 2019
Ingersoll, Richard M., et al., Seven Trends: The Transformation of the Teaching Force – Updated October 2018, CRE Research Reports, November 1, 2018.
Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey News Release, Bureau of Labor Statistics Press Release, December 10, 2018.
Mutikani, Lucia, U.S. job quits rate hits 17-year high; labor market tightening, Reuters, July 10, 2018.
Gray, Lucinda, et al., Public School Teacher Attrition and Mobility in the First Five Years: Results From the First Through Fifth Waves of the 2007–08 Beginning Teacher Longitudinal Study, National Center for Education Statistics, April 2015.
Off-Budget Compensation
Domenico. Steve, Many Teachers Can Get Help Buying Houses: The teacher he uses as an example could obtain an FHA loan with only 3.5% down, Washington Post, Nov. 20, 2019.
Wong, Alia, The Financial Calamity That Is the Teaching Profession–Teachers are suing the government over debt relief that never came—but their financial problems go much deeper than student loans, The Atlantic, July 2019.
Weingarten v. Devos, U.S. District Court, July 11, 2019.
Maryland Teacher Housing Grants, Teacher Next Door. “Housing grants of up to $4,170.00 are available to all Maryland teachers through the Teacher Next Door Program.” Accessed 12/31/2019.
U.S. Census Bureau
2017 Public Elementary-Secondary Education Finance Data
Maryland
Urban Institute: Maryland Pensions
Maryland Teachers: Hired Between Jan. 1, 1980 and July 30, 2011 – Plan Details, Urban Institute. This plan grandfathers the higher pensions available to teachers hired before 2011. Note the pension spike at age 55.
Maryland Teachers: Hired on or after July 1, 2011, Urban Institute. This plan, for teachers hired after 2011, offers much less generous benefits. Note the different shape of the pension spike.
The Urban Institute’s report from which the above documents can be found is The State of Retirement: Grading America’s Public Pension Plans.
Truth in Accounting: Adequacy of Budget Dislosures
Financial State of the States 2015: Maryland (page 50), Truth in Accounting, September 19, 2016. See also Truth in Accounting’s database for Maryland–2015 and database for Maryland–2016. Maryland got a “D” rating for 2016, which is actually pretty good. Note that the figure of hiding $11.5 billion is only for hiding aggregate data, which has little or nothing to do with the hiding of disaggregate data, the focus on K12Transparency.info.
Baltimore Brew: Maryland’s Toothless Public Information Act (see point #5)
Plymer, David, Public corruption in Maryland: It’s no accident, Baltimore Brew, June 7, 2019.